Publications
Latest Research and Publications
PUBMED - DR. KLEIN
2026
Padilla F, Arvanitis C, Bollard CM, Gallus M, De Groot J, Klein RS, Ransohoff RM, Sonabend AM, Okada H. Focused ultrasound-enhanced cell therapy for brain tumors: Summary of roundtable discussions. Neurooncol Adv. 2026 Feb 14;8(1):vdag026. doi: 10.1093/noajnl/vdag026.
2025
Agner SC, Brier LM, Hill JD, Liu EY, Bice A, Rahn RM, Chen S, Culver JP, Klein RS. Zika virus encephalitis causes transient reduction of functional cortical connectivity. Neurophotonics. 2025 Jan;12(Suppl 1):S14603. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14603. Epub 2024 Nov 28.
Angelovich TA, Mediouni S, Klein RS, Estes JD, Brew BJ, Churchill MJ. Editorial: Viral impact on CNS: mechanisms of immune dysfunction and cognitive decline. Front Immunol. 2025 Jun 17;16:1639948. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1639948. eCollection 2025.
Iyer H, Benoist C, Bilbo SD, Boulanger LM, Burton MD, Daniels BP, Deczkowska A, Flajnik MF, Gareau MG, Grace PM, Irazoqui JE, Rosi S, Salinas I, Schaefer A, Sokol CL, Williams DW, Klein RS. Systems neuroimmunology: current bottlenecks, research priorities and future directions. Nat Immunol. 2025 Mar;26(3):325-329. doi: 10.1038/s41590-025-02092-z.
2024
Klein RS. Infectious diseases research in 2024: insights into dementia. Lancet Neurol. 2025 Jan;24(1):22-23. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(24)00497-6.
Ai S, Arutyunov A, Liu J, Hill JD, Jiang X, Klein RS. CCR2 restricts IFN-γ production by hippocampal CD8 TRM cells that impair learning and memory during recovery from WNV encephalitis. J Neuroinflammation. 2024 Dec 27;21(1):330. doi: 10.1186/s12974-024-03309-y.
Kudruk S, Forsyth CM, Dion MZ, Hedlund Orbeck JK, Luo J, Klein RS, Kim AH, Heimberger AB, Mirkin CA, Stegh AH, Artzi N. Multimodal neuro-nanotechnology: Challenging the existing paradigm in glioblastoma therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Feb 20;121(8):e2306973121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2306973121. Epub 2024 Feb 12.
Arutyunov A, Duran-Laforet V, Ai S, Ferrari L, Murphy R, Schafer DP, Klein RS. West Nile Virus-Induced Expression of Senescent Gene Lgals3bp Regulates Microglial Phenotype within Cerebral Cortex. Biomolecules. 2024;14(7).
Vanderheiden A, Hill JD, Jiang X, Deppen B, Bamunuarachchi G, Soudani N, Joshi A, Cain MD, Boon ACM, Klein RS. Vaccination reduces central nervous system IL-1β and memory deficits after COVID-19 in mice. Nat Immunol. 2024 Jul;25(7):1158-1171.
2023
Cain MA, Klein N, Jiang X, Klein RS. Post-exposure intranasal IFNα suppresses replication and neuroinvasion of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus within olfactory sensory neurons. J Neuroinflammation. 2023;21(1):24.
Kafai NM, Janova H, Cain MD, Alippe Y, Muraro S, Sariol A, Elam-Noll M, Klein RS, Diamond MS. Entry receptor LDLRAD3 is required for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus peripheral infection and neurotropism leading to pathogenesis in mice. Cell Rep. 2023 Aug 29;42(8):112946.
2022
Rosen SF, Soung AL, Yang W, Ai S, Kanmogne M, Dave VA, Artyomov M, Magee JA, Klein RS. Single-cell RNA transcriptome analysis of CNS immune cells reveals CXCL16/CXCR6 as maintenance factors for tissue resident T cells that drive synapse elimination. Genome Med. 2022 Sep 24;14(1):108.
Soung AL, Vanderheiden A, Nordvig AS, Sissoko CA, Canoll P, Mariani MB, Jiang X, Bricker T, Rosoklija GB, Arango V, Underwood M, Mann JJ, Dwork AJ, Goldman JE, Boon ACM, Boldrini M, Klein RS. COVID-19 induces CNS cytokine expression and loss of hippocampal neurogenesis. Brain. 2022 Aug 25:awac270.
Manivasagam S, Williams JL, Vollmer LL, Bollman B, Bartleson JM, Ai S, Wu GF, Klein RS. Targeting interferon-λ signaling promotes recovery from central nervous system autoimmunity. J Immunol. 2022 Mar 15;208(6):1341-1351.
Soung AL, Dave V, Garber C, Vollmer LL, Manivasagam S, Klein RS. IL-1 reprogramming of neural stem cells limits neurocognitive recovery by maintaining a proinflammatory state. Brain Behav Immun. 2022 Oct 22:S0889-1591(21)00586-9. Recommended in F1000Prime.
2021
Funk KE, Arutyunov A, Desai P, White J, Diamond MS, Klein RS. Decreased antiviral immune response within the central nervous system of aged mice is associated with increased lethality of West Nile virus encephalitis. Aging Cell. 2021 Aug;20(8):e13412.
Bricker T, Darling T, Hassan A, Harastani H, Soung A, Jiang X, Dai YN, Zhao H, Adam L, Holtzman M, Bailey A, Case B, Fremont D, Klein R, Diamond M, Boon A. A single intranasal or intramuscular immunization with chimpanzee adenovirus vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine protects against pneumonia in hamsters. Cell Rep. 2021 Jul 20;36(3):109400.
2020
Salimi H, Cain MD, Jiang X, Roth RA, Beatty W, Sun C, Klimstra WB, Hou J, Klein RS. Encephalitic alphaviruses exploit caveolae-mediated transcytosis at the blood-brain barrier for CNS entry. mBio. 2020 Feb 11;11(1):e02731-19.
2019
Garber C, Soung A, Vollmer LL, Kanmogne M, Last A, Brown J, Klein RS. T cells promote microglia-mediated synaptic elimination and cognitive dysfunction during recovery from neuropathogenic flaviviruses. Nat Neurosci. 2019 Aug;22(8):1276-1288.
Funk KE, Klein RS. CSFR1 antagonism limits local restimulation of antiviral CD8+ T cells during viral encephalitis. J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Jan 31;16(1):22.
2018
Garber C*, Vasek MV*, Vollmer LL, Sun T, Jiang X, Klein RS. Astrocytes decrease adult neurogenesis during virus-induced memory dysfunction via interleukin-1. Nat Immunol. 2018 Feb;19(2):151-161. Recommended in F1000Prime.
2017
Daniels BP, Jujjavarapu H, Durrant DM, Williams JL, Green RR, White JP, Lazear HM, Gale M, Diamond MS, Klein RS. Regional astrocyte signaling restricts pathogenesis during neurotropic viral infection. J Clin Invest. 2017 Jan 30. pii: 88720. Highlighted in JCI This Month, 3/2017. Recommended in F1000Prime.
Klein RS, Voskuhl R, Segal BM, Dittel BN, Lane TE, Bethea JR, Carson MJ, Colton C, Rosi S, Anderson A, Piccio L, Goverman JM, Benveniste EN, Brown MA, Tiwari-Woodruff SK, Harris TH, Cross AH. Speaking out about gender imbalance in invited speakers improves diversity: an example in Neuroimmunology. Nat Immunol. 2017 Apr 18;18(5):475-478. Recommended in F1000Prime.
2016
Miner JJ, Cao B, Govero J, Smith A, Fernandez E, Cabrera OH, Garber C, Noll M, Klein RS, Noguchi KK, Mysorekar IU, Diamond MS. Zika virus infection during pregnancy in mice causes placental damage and fetal demise. Cell. 2016;165(5):1081-1091.
Vasek MV, Garber C, Dorsey D, Durrant DM, Bollman B, Soung A, Yu J, Perez-Torres C, Frouin A, Wilton DK, Funk K, DeMasters BK, Jiang X, Bown JR, Mennerick S, Robinson JK, Garbow JR, Tyler KL, Suthar MS, Schmidt RE, Stevens B, Klein RS. A complement-microglial axis is required for synaptic loss during virus-induced memory impairment. Nature. 2016;534(7608):538-543. Recommended in F1000Prime.
2015
Lazear HM, Daniels BP, Pinto AK, Huang AC, Vick SC, Doyle SE, Gale M Jr, Klein RS*, Diamond MS*. Interferon lambda restricts West Nile virus neuroinvasion by tightening the blood-brain barrier. Sci Transl Med. 2015;7(284):284ra59. *Co-senior and corresponding authors. Recommended in F1000Prime.
Yue X, Jin H, Liu H, Rosenberg AJ, Klein RS, Tu Z. A Potent and Selective C-11 Labeled PET Tracer for Imaging Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor 2 in the CNS Demonstrates Sexually Dimorphic Expression. Org Biomol Chem. 2015;13(29):7928-7939.
Miner JJ, Daniels BP, Shrestha B, Proenca-Modena JL, Lew ED, Lazear HM, Gorman MJ, Lemke G, Klein RS, Diamond MS. The TAM receptor Mertk protects against neuroinvasive viral infection by maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity. Nat Med. 2015 Nov 2. doi: 10.1038/nm.3974. Recommended in F1000Prime.
2014
Cruz-Orengo L, Daniels BP, Dorsey D, Basak SA, Grajales-Reyes JG, McCandless EE, Piccio L, Cross AH, Crosby S, Klein RS. Enhanced sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 expression underlies female CNS autoimmunity susceptibility. J Clin Invest. 2014 Jun 2;124(6):2571-2584.
Williams JL, Patel JR, Klein RS. Targeting CXCR7 as a therapeutic strategy to promote remyelination in the adult central nervous system. J Exp Med. 2014 May 5;211(5):791-799.
Daniels BP, Holman DW, Cruz-Orengo L, Jujjavarapu H, Durrant DM, Klein RS. Viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns regulate blood-brain barrier integrity via competing innate cytokine signals. mBio. 2014 Aug 26;5(5):e01476-14. Recommended in F1000Prime.
Durrant DM, Daniels BP, Pasieka TJ, Klein RS. IL-1R1 Signaling Regulates CXCL12-Mediated T Cell Localization and Fate within the Central Nervous System during West Nile Virus Encephalitis. J Immunol. 2014;193(8):4095-4106. Recommended in F1000Prime.
2013
Durrant DM, Robinette M, Klein RS. IL-1R1 is required for T cell reactivation within the central nervous system during West Nile virus encephalitis. J Exp Med. 2013;210(3):503-516. Recommended in F1000Prime.
2012
Patel JR, Wiliams JL, Muccigrosso MM, Liu L, Sun T, Rubin JB, Klein RS. Astrocyte TNFR2 is required for CXCL12-mediated regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation and differentiation within the adult CNS. Acta Neuropathol. 2012;212(1):173-179.
2011
Cruz-Orengo L, Holman DW, Dorsey D, Zhou L, Zhang P, Wright M, McCandless EE, Patel JR, Luker GD, Littman DR, Russell JH, Klein RS. CXCR7 influences leukocyte entry into the CNS parenchyma by controlling abluminal CXCL12 abundance during autoimmunity. J Exp Med. 2011;208(2):327-339. Recommended in F1000Prime.
2010
Patel J, McCandless EE, Dorsey D, Klein RS. CXCR4 promotes differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors and remyelination. PNAS. 2010;107(24):11062-11067. Highlighted in Nature Reviews Neuroscience 11, 536-537, 2010.
2009
CXCR3 mediates region-specific antiviral T cell trafficking within the central nervous system during West Nile virus encephalitis. J Immunol. 2009;180(4):2641-2649. Recommended in F1000Prime.
McCandless EE, Budde M, Lees JR, Dorsey D, Klein RS. IL-1R signaling within the CNS regulates CXCL12 expression at the blood-brain barrier and disease severity during EAE. J Immunol. 2009;183(1):613-620. PMCID: PMC2892701.
2008
McCandless EE, Piccio L, Woerner BM, Schmidt RE, Rubin JB, Cross AH, Klein RS. Pathologic expression of CXCL12 at the blood-brain barrier correlates with severity of multiple sclerosis. Am J Pathol. 2008;172(3):799-808. Recommended in F1000Prime.
McCandless EE, Zhang B, Diamond MS, Klein RS. CXCR4 antagonism enhances survival and decreases immunopathology within the CNS during West Nile virus encephalitis. PNAS. 2008;105(32):11270-11275. Recommended in F1000Prime.
2006
McCandless EE, Wang Q, Woerner BM, Harper JM, Klein RS. CXCL12 Limits Inflammation by Localizing Mononuclear Infiltrates to the Perivascular Space During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. J Immunol. 2006;177(11):8053-8064.
2005
Klein RS, Lin E, Zhang B, Luster AD, Tollett J, Samuel MA, Engle M, Diamond MS. Neuronal CXCL10 Directs CD8+ T Cell Recruitment and Control of West Nile Virus Encephalitis. J Virol. 2005;79(17):11457-11466. Recommended in F1000Prime.
